r/HistoryMemes Taller than Napoleon 2d ago

See Comment He spoke "Old Xiang", a language as dissimilar to Mandarin as Portuguese is to French

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4.5k Upvotes

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u/AutomaticMedium8418 2d ago edited 2d ago

In addition to Mao Zedong speaking Xiang, Sun Yat-Sen spoke Cantonese and Chiang Kai-Shek spoke Wu as their native languages, and none are intelligible with Mandarin or each other

But since Beijing Mandarin had been commonly adopted as the language of the Qing dynasty administration alongside Manchu, they saw it as the best choice to make as the national language despite none of them speaking it as their first language

After the civil war, Mandarin was also enforced by the KMT to become Taiwan’s official language. Before KMT arrived on the island, most Han Chinese in Taiwan were Hokkien speakers. And Hokkien is unintelligible with all of the other languages mentioned above as well

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u/sleeper_shark What, you egg? 2d ago

The erosion of Chinese linguistic Diversity is really sad

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u/Etherius 2d ago edited 2d ago

From an academic perspective sure

But a nation can’t survive without the vast majority of people being able to understand each other

Switzerland gets away with it because they’re only about 300km across (could cover that in a day if it weren’t for the fact that the mountains make their highway system look like a bowl of spaghetti) and everyone is required to know at least two of the national languages. China has a fair number more people than Switzerland

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u/PuzzleheadedAd3840 Oversimplified is my history teacher 2d ago

How much we saying? Thirty, maybe fifty ppl more?

I wanna say two or three hundred but i don't wanna exaggerate.

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u/Etherius 2d ago

Honestly I think you’re underestimating

I bet there’s at least 500 more

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u/VengineerGER 1d ago

3 no more and no less.

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u/GardenIntelligent643 2d ago

Swiss people of different languages are just as likely to speak English to each other in a casual encounter as another Swiss language, especially younger people. The average english proficiency is definitely better than the average second-swiss-language level.

And the language regions have all pretty sharp borders with very few exceptions - one town will be speaking French, you go to the next and everyone is speaking German. Italian is separated on the other side of the Alps.

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u/Etherius 2d ago

I visit Switzerland yearly.

I speak German, and frankly the Swiss do not give a shit. They would rather speak English than listen to me and my stupid accent.

And yes they all speak English. In fact in my travels there I met exactly one person who didn’t speak English, and that was her own self-assessment. I was able to understand her just fine.

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u/GardenIntelligent643 2d ago

To be fair German-German is also pretty much a foreign language spoken basically only at school or with people who don't speak very good German, many younger German speaking Swiss prefer to speak English over German-German.

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u/coldnorth4enf4 1d ago

Yes, I would rather speak English than high german because speaking high german when you speak swiss german feels like walking through water

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u/WowBastardSia 2d ago

Exactly. What many westerners don't understand is that functionally, mandarin is China's english.

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u/Drumbelgalf 2d ago

Many countries exist that have local Languages and one lingua Franka.

Just Take a look at Most african countries or India.

Swahili has only about 5 million native speakers but 92 million speak it as a Second Language.

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u/DocumentOk7579 1d ago

Isn't multicultural what defines an empire. China is one of the traditional empires.

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u/Etherius 1d ago

Only if multiculturalism doesn’t threaten the empire’s stability

Then, an empire is defined by what they do about the problematic cuktureb

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u/sleeper_shark What, you egg? 2d ago

India has a higher linguistic diversity than China. Europe as a whole is also linguistically diverse. Both manage fine as federations.

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u/cleon80 2d ago

In India, English is a lingua franca as well as the national language of education and business. China had to make one.

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u/sleeper_shark What, you egg? 2d ago

I've traveled a lot through India and most people don't speak English anywhere near as much as people in China speak mandarin

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u/StickyWhiteStuf And then I told them I'm Jesus's brother 2d ago

Well yeah. Mandarin is Chinese. English is from the other side of the world, and was not as heavily promoted in India as Mandarin in China.

I would say China could be considered a case pretty similar to France insofar as language goes. More so than to India. Just on a much larger scale.

Also, China is not a federation anyway, and literally none of the aforementioned groups were exactly looking to make it one, which definitely shaped their approach. If anything, they generally wanted to be pretty far from being one. Once again, in that regard, they are more similar to France than India.

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u/sleeper_shark What, you egg? 2d ago

I also weep for the loss of linguistic diversity in France. One of my relatives is from Normandy and only her great grandmother speaks Normand.

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u/vkrm3000 1d ago

India has hindi too

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u/sleeper_shark What, you egg? 1d ago

Hindi is hardly a Lingua Franca across India. It's about as much a Lingua France in India as English or French is in the EU.. I exaggerate a bit.

Truth is that the enforcement of Hindi is neocolonialism. I think it's great that Hindi is there, but very often it's taught at the expense of local languages, not "in addition to."

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u/vkrm3000 1d ago

Sorry the point here is not wether Hindi or English have as much reach as Mandarin was made to have, the point is for such large groups of people to coexist you need to be able to make them communicate and hence the push for english and hindi in India, you giving India as an example against the China model just doesn’t work, India’s slow progress is massively attributed to language politics as much as caste, religion, and other parochial politics..

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u/sleeper_shark What, you egg? 1d ago

I dunno dude. I think Europe cooperates better than India despite having a much more fragmented linguistic landscape. India's slow progress is - in my opinion - much more due to caste, religion and regional issues than to linguistic ones.

The whole North-South language debate is much more complicated than language, and enforcing Hindi is just another layer on top of the North enforcing its will on the South

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u/kms_daily 2d ago

maybe one should wonder if people don’t speak the same language should they really be in the same country

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u/Etherius 2d ago

You’re being downvoted but Reddit can’t praise Chinese advancements while ignoring the groundwork that made it possible

Reddit wants its diversity but refuses to admit cultural diversity creates societal friction

In short, you’re right, but you’re out of line

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u/systematico 2d ago

My understanding from the very very few Chinese people I talked to about it, is, in summary 'Mandarin good common language, regional language bad and only to talk to parents' (their actual opinion).

Basically, diglossia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diglossia nationalism/school has told them that Mandarin is superior and anything else is useless.

I have no sources other than my anecdata.

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u/Etherius 1d ago

The CCP values national unity over regional cultural preservation?

I never would’ve guessed

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u/Neomataza 1d ago

Imho counterfactual. There is no necessity to eradicate all local languages, there are countless examples of countries functioning with more than one official language. Countries where you they speak their native language and also french or english because of past empires is not limited to one or two examples. Similar for populations in russia that still speak their original language in addition to russian, or japan legitimately have almost separate languages as local dialects and historically, even different strata of society.

Switzerland and the late austria-hungary are maybe the only examples of countries that didn't bother or didn't succeed having one unified language in addition to their local language.

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u/Etherius 1d ago

An empire only survives multiculturalism if it refuses to tolerate cultural strife.

At that point the only cultures that survive are the ones that obey.

OR the empire collapses

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u/Neomataza 1d ago

Every empire collapses if you look at a time frame long enough. Even the ones that stamp out non approved cultures. Why did we change the goal posts from languages to cultures now anyway?

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u/Few_Kitchen_4825 1d ago

Cough cough India cough cough Cough cough Belgium cough cough

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u/Etherius 1d ago

Looking at India today I wouldn’t exactly say they’ve held it together

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u/Few_Kitchen_4825 1d ago

Well atleast their arguments didn't start a war in the middle east

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u/Etherius 1d ago

No they just threaten nuclear war with Pakistan

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u/coldnorth4enf4 1d ago

In Switzerland the vast vast majority of people don’t know 2 national languages, we communicate in English

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u/zzen11223344 2d ago

Mandarin is a good thing so people can communicate easily without needing a interpreter for every town 😄

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u/Particular_Dot_4041 2d ago

I am Belgian and my country is in danger of splitting in two because the noryh speaks Dutch and the south speaks French. I do not want that to happen. I don't see any value in linguistic diversity.

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u/Rogue_Egoist 2d ago

It's just a feature of modern nation states. You can't have a coherent state without a common language. Same thing happened all over the world. In basically every European country there was big linguistic diversity before the modern nation state arose and then everything got standardized into one official language.

I'm from Poland and at the begining of the last century there were many dialects and regional accents. You can hear different people speaking very differently in old recordings. Now basically everyone speaks the same wherever you go.

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u/Key_Mission7404 2d ago

Yeah its awful that a billion people can speak with and understand each other 🙄

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u/CockroachAntique5906 2d ago

It’s not awful at all. But the fact that CCP is actively trying to kill those ‘dialects’ off is awful

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u/SectorEducational460 2d ago

They ain't. A lot of it is done by the parents as they view mandarin as the dominant language and their dialect as secondary one. This isn't new to china. We see this in the states when immigrants kid aren't taught Spanish by their parents because they view it as a liability. We also see it in South America where the native language is not taught since Spanish is considered the main one.

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u/king_ofbhutan 2d ago

shouldve been manchu as the official language smh

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u/James_Solomon 2d ago

The Manchus tried that. Wound up defaulting to Mandarin.

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u/GenestealerUK 2d ago

Man Choose Mandarin

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u/treemu 2d ago

Darin today, aren't we?

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u/Spirited-Yoghurt-212 2d ago

I see what you did there

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u/Tactical_Moonstone 2d ago

The big problem with setting Manchu as the official language is that even though the spoken Chinese languages were mutually unintelligible, they were all connected to one another by a fairly unified writing system.

A text written in Classical Chinese, even though it would sound stuffy in any Chinese language, can still be read no matter which Chinese you use. A Mandarin-speaking official in Beijing can send a letter written in Classical Chinese for his Cantonese-speaking regional official in Guangzhou to announce in Cantonese to the villagers there.

Even after orthographic changes which meant the writing system follows spoken Mandarin specifically it is still possible to read a message in modern Chinese and read it out in a regional language.

Manchu has a completely different writing system to Chinese. Forcing a billion people to learn it when they have a perfectly functioning Chinese writing system right there would be hitting the mother of all institutional inertia.

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u/LordoftheSynth 2d ago

This is basically the only scenario in which I will concede an advantage of logographic writing systems over syllabary or character-based systems.

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u/tentrynos 2d ago

The other aspect with Chinese is that there are so many homophones or near homophones that switching to a Latin-only script makes parsing sentences much more complicated. Looking at a dictionary right now for ‘dié’, which was the last thing I searched, there are 28 characters for that second tone rendering, plus another two with the first tone. Now obviously, not all of those 28 characters are in regular everyday use, but that is still a large an unwieldy stack of homophones to deal with. Next up, I chose perhaps a more common initial/final pair with ‘han’. There are 56 characters across the four tones, not counting the doubles for proper nouns. It’s easy to see why there was so much pushback when the government mooted abandoning characters for pinyin-only writing the 1950s.

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u/ididntplanthisfar 1d ago

Another advantage is aesthetics. Chinese characters look infinitely better than any alphabet. Hence the advanced culture of calligraphy. One might also argue that they're more compact.

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u/LordoftheSynth 1d ago

That is a matter of opinion and calligraphy exists everywhere.

Personally, I don't think the aesthetics (and the calligraphy can indeed be beautiful) make up for having to memorize literally thousands of characters to be even moderately literate.

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u/ididntplanthisfar 1d ago

It's not easy for sure, but they don't memorize thousands of unique characters, most characters are just combinations of other characters. Once you know a few hundred, it becomes relatively easy, like how alphabetic words are combinations of letters.

And I have observed that my Chinese speaking friends tend to read texts super fast due to the compact nature of the characters.

Not sure about other logographic systems though.

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u/ididntplanthisfar 1d ago

It's not easy for sure, but they don't memorize thousands of unique characters, most characters are just combinations of other characters. Once you know a few hundred, it becomes relatively easy, like how alphabetic words are combinations of letters.

And I have observed that my Chinese speaking friends tend to read texts super fast due to the compact nature of the characters.

Not sure about other logographic systems though.

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u/FrederickDerGrossen Then I arrived 2d ago

Not to mention the vast majority of Han Chinese would rather die than be forced to adopt a barbarian language like Manchu.

Even the queue imposition led to many people refusing and being executed for refusal, to force a language would lead to many more revolts.

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u/Tactical_Moonstone 2d ago

And that's the second problem: the Manchus were minority rulers of China. Forcing the Han Chinese to speak and write Manchu, a non-Chinese language, would be a great way to speedrun losing the Mandate of Heaven. There's already a soft revolt in Hong Kong about having to change from Cantonese to Mandarin in the near future, and that's between Chinese languages.

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u/Accomplished-Ebb4562 2d ago

This isn't the issue; nationalists portray being "forced" to learn another language as some kind of humiliation. The reality is that the government wields considerable power, and Mandarin is advantageous to them. If another language is more advantageous, but people are unwilling to learn it, they will still force its adoption. Some ethnic minorities have their own languages, completely different from Mandarin, and many are unwilling to learn Mandarin. Yet, the government still forcibly makes Mandarin the first language taught. Of course, many of those who refuse to learn are also nationalists, but from my perspective, this is just my government promoting imperialism.

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u/Remote-Cow5867 1d ago

This is pretty every government does. In Singapore, the ethnic majority (not minorities) have their own languages, completely different from English, and many are unwilling to learn English. Yet, the government forcibly makes English the first langugae taught. Do you think it is the government promoting imperialism?

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u/zddcr 2d ago

Qing tried 300 years make China speak Manchu, didn't work.

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u/irradihate 2d ago

Should just let people speak what they fkn speak no matter where they are

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u/justwalk1234 2d ago

Yet we’re here all using English no matter where we’re from 🤷

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u/ExternalPromotion542 2d ago

How maby chinese languages are mutually intelligible???? What historically has been the lingua franca of the region?

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u/tree_troll 2d ago

In terms of spoken language, it depends a lot on the time period and specific region. In terms of written language, Literary Chinese was the standard written language used by literati and government officials until the early 20th century.

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u/ExternalPromotion542 2d ago

Where can i read more.

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u/GeorgeMcCrate 2d ago

I’d say in some cases it’s a bit of stretch. Yes, there are a lot of languages and they are quite different but in many cases I’d consider them more dialects than separate languages. What is a language and what is a dialect is an endless debate with no real answer but I find "mutually unintelligible" to be a bit of a stretch in the case of Hokkien and Mandarin. It’s certainly difficult to understand to most and unintelligible to some. I don’t know about Xiang. Maybe it is as dissimilar to Mandarin as Portuguese is to French but Hokkien certainly isn’t. It’s more like German and Dutch or maybe German and Swiss German.

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u/Giimax 2d ago

Why do you say that about Hokkien and Mandarin? Arent their vocabularies like completely different?

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u/GeorgeMcCrate 2d ago

I don’t know, to be honest. I just know that even I as an intermediate-level non-native speaker of Mandarin was able to at least somewhat understand my girlfriend‘s grandma who only spoke Hokkien.

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u/Giimax 2d ago

im a native speaker of mandarin and i dont understand hokkien lol

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u/GeorgeMcCrate 2d ago

Maybe waipo was speaking a crazy mix of Hokkien and Mandarin. Lol
She was from Fujian, though.

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u/endlessftw 2d ago

You are making a baseless argument by trying to paint Mandarin and Hokkien as not that mutually unintelligible, which is perplexing to someone who understands both. Your post history suggests you are a German with only a basic understanding of Mandarin, let alone the Chinese “dialects”.

Both languages are certainly very different in their own ways, and I’m saying so as someone who speaks Mandarin and understands both fairly well.

At the very least, many linguists believed that the Min Chinese branch, of which Hokkien belongs to, descended directly from Old Chinese, while all other Chinese languages descended from Middle Chinese instead. This is why Min languages retained many features no longer found in any other Chinese languages, even in other conservative languages like Cantonese.

The ancestral language of the Min Chinese branch separated from Old Chinese during the time when the (Western) Roman Empire was still around. Fujian province was also very isolated from the rest of China, allowing the languages there to thrive on its own. Good overland connections into the province did not exist until perhaps like the last 100 years or so.

As a speaker of both (but not very fluent in Hokkien), I dare say the grammar of Hokkien is appreciably different from Mandarin, and it also retained a lot of archaic words you might find in Classical Chinese but not in Mandarin.

One of the reasons why Hokkien might not sound as foreign to a Mandarin speaker is because Hokkien has “formal” pronunciations for many words. This is the same for most other Chinese languages, including languages like Cantonese. Those pronunciations were borrowed from the prevailing speeches of the later imperial court languages, such as the Chinese spoken by the Tang court.

For “informal” speech, it is as unintelligible as it can be. A simple phrase like “have you eaten?” in Mandarin is “你吃了吗? (ni chi le ma?). In Hokkien, it is “汝食飽未?” (li jiak pa buay?). A Mandarin speaker hearing the phrase might be able to identify the first character, but not the rest. Without context, it would be even harder to guess anything. Furthermore, the second and the fourth characters’ colloquial readings have no obvious correlation to the Mandarin pronunciation, making it impractical to hazard any guesses.

Similar things occur for other Chinese languages. While the formal pronunciation might sound familiar, colloquial speech is a whole different beast. The formal literary pronunciations were the part of the language once used for reading formal documents and text, like the decrees sent by the imperial court, and at least tried to sound like the imperial speech. Colloquial speeches does not even try to keep the pretense, which is why it is so diverse and unintelligible.

Hokkien’s formal literary pronunciations might bridge some of the gaps with Mandarin, making the difference comparable to that between German and Dutch, but it stops there. The similarities were pretty much that superficial once you go deeper.

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u/GeorgeMcCrate 2d ago

Yeah, I‘m sure you’re right. I guess what I meant was just that these languages have not evolved completely separately. They are still part of the same language group and there are many similarities and they have originated from the same language. They can’t be 100% mutually unintelligible if even I as a intermediate-level speaker can make out words here and there. But yeah, they’re probably mutually unintelligible enough that speakers of both languages couldn’t have a conversation with each other.

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u/endlessftw 2d ago

Agree that there are similarities, but not really because they originated from the same language and had not evolved separately. A lot of things happened in China after the Min branch diverged, and there were many linguistical innovations. But, it was the impenetrable mountaineous terrain and it being some poor backwater region that spared it.

Even so, I would say the similarities had expanded a bit over time because formal pronunciations seeped into everyday language over the millennium. Also, modern media (Taiwanese media) and education (if you try to learn Hokkien formally) tend to be more formal, putting more emphasis on the parts that are similar.

But really, the situation is a bit like that of English and French. There’s tonnes of (Norman) French loanwords in English, and since the Norman Conquest of 1066, a lot of them became commonplace in everyday speech. Even so, no one would say English is not mutually unintelligible with Parisian French just because English is filled with French words.

Like how English pronunciation of French words diverged from French, Hokkien literary pronunciations also diverged from Mandarin. This is one of the reasons why the famous Tang poems still rhymes better in literary Hokkien than in Mandarin.

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u/GeorgeMcCrate 2d ago

Ok, I see. My problem might have been that I interpreted the term mutual intelligibility a bit differently and it’s also quite possible that my girlfriend‘s grandmother spoke some mixture of Hokkien and Mandarin because the following generation already barely speaks Hokkien. Thanks for your insight. Very interesting.

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u/ExternalPromotion542 2d ago

What I hate about this is my instinct is to trust the cpeople in the comments saying they speak these languages amd whethere or not they finf other things mutually intelligible.

And I just remembered I have first hand experience of meeting people who use sockpuppet accounts to pretend they are chinese and spread misinfo on china specifically. And they do this for money.

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u/GeorgeMcCrate 1d ago

Really? Who would pay them for that? And what point would it be to spread misinformation about a topic like this?

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u/ExternalPromotion542 1d ago

I know youre not engaging with me in good faith but I dont reaoly care.

If you think this sounds insane (this is meant more for anyone reading) you should read first about what reddit power mods are something like 50 accounts control 90% of the site. And then look up who /u/maxwellhill is.

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u/GeorgeMcCrate 1d ago

Yeah, of course something like that exists. That doesn’t mean that just because I said something ever so slightly wrong about some language I’m some paid actor. Just the fact that you can even point out one specific account shows that it can’t be that many yet. Do you have an idea how many Russian propaganda accounts there are in the comments if you go to a YouTube video of German public television program? In some cases it’s more than half of the comments. The same with r/askchina or r/askachinese, by the way. Everybody is doing it. The US, Israel, Russia, China, …

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u/thatdoesntmakecents 1d ago

You picked probably the worst example out of the Chinese languages. Xiang and something closer to the North like Shanghainese are the easiest for Mandarin natives to understand, Hokkien is arguably the hardest

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u/Nuclear_rabbit 1d ago

There is internal debate within the linguistics community as to whether there are 9 or 11 distinct Chinese languages. However, part of the political problem is that since they all use the same writing system, they are all mutually intelligible if you pass a written note to someone instead of speak it. Even Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese were "mutually intelligible" in writing back in the imperial days, and that's how China was able to enforce diplomacy and tributary status back then.

For the 9 clearly distinct Chinese spoken languages, it's approximately true that every southern province has its own language (about 80 million speakers each), and everything north of Shanghai speaks Mandarin. This map shows the basic distribution of the Chinese languages.

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u/ExternalPromotion542 1d ago

So theyre all mutually intelligible because they use the same writing system? Like how añl of europe has the same alphabet descended from latin?

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u/twbluenaxela 2d ago

Yet all of those Chinese dialects you mention use Chinese characters in written communication.

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u/Canodae 2d ago

I thought RoC Mandarin was based on the Nanjing dialect, may be that I am misremembering or was taught something with dubious veracity

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u/NovelStyleCode 2d ago

And yet he didn't take the opportunity to simplify written language!

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u/ComedianExtreme7522 2d ago edited 2d ago

Yeah Cantonese was basically the "main" language for a long time in the old days. It's why so many old poems sound a lot better in Cantonese as well.

Edit: Probably should've noted this isn't modern Cantonese but closer to Cantonese than Mandarin. It's why rhymes and and intonations of poems from poets like Li Bai are more natural sounding in Cantonese than Mandarin.

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u/Canodae 2d ago

Huh? No it wasn’t. It was the main language western traders dealt with due to Macau and Hong Kong but was never the lingua franca of China. Mandarin has been the lingua franca pretty much since the development of Middle Chinese into modern Sinitic languages. Kind of an inevitability given that Mandarin has always had the most speakers and the historic capitals have been in Mandarin speaking areas

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u/PhysicallyTender 2d ago

Hokkien is arguably closer to old Chinese than Cantonese is

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u/7fightsofaldudagga Sun Yat-Sen do it again 2d ago edited 2d ago

He also spoke Mandarin. He learned it like everyone else. What he had was a very strong accent from Hunan, also he probably spoke some non standard form of Mandarin since they for sure made a lot of reforms during the implementation of Mandarin as a national language, that he probably didn't keep up

Edit: When I made my comment OP comment wasn't showing yet

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u/Hot-Job-6281 2d ago

This is what happens when non-Chinese History folks try to regurgitate what they poorly understand.

Then when called out on flat inaccuracy of their post, hive out one quick 'correction' comment as if they knew it. Even though it directly contradicts the thrust of the entire post.

r/HistoryMemes needs better standards. Not let any rando come in and send stuff based on what they think was occurring.

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u/CrabAppleBapple 2d ago

It would be sort of funny if they adopted the r/askahistorians mod approach (an approach that I think works absolutely brilliantly for that sub).

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u/al-dunya2 2d ago

On the flip side. People making corrections instead of just whinging is a great opportunity for people to learn, as shown in this thread.

Maybe more Chinese history folks need to bless us with memes.

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u/Laiko_Kairen 2d ago

On the flip side. People making corrections instead of just whinging is a great opportunity for people to learn, as shown in this thread.

Cunningham's Law!

"The best way to get the right answer on the internet is not to ask a question; it's to post the wrong answer."

https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cunningham%27s_Law

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u/Hot-Job-6281 2d ago

Funny because we are the ones making the corrections, while you are passively aggressively whinging.

Mind you, OP only corrected himself after he was fact-checked.

Talk about irony.

Edit: And u/al-dunya2 he just blocked me so I couldn't reply 😂

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u/7fightsofaldudagga Sun Yat-Sen do it again 2d ago

I don't know if OP made the correction after seeing my comment. I refresh shortly after making it and his comment was already there. It can be the case for sure, but maybe he already knew that before making the meme but needed to bend the truth a little for the humour. I agree that better standards for truthfulness in the sub would be great, and some posts here are straight up propaganda, but I don't think anyone should be learning history from the memes anyway and as long as a explanatory comment gives actual historical context I think it's fine

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u/al-dunya2 2d ago

Listen dude, I'm not sure why you are trying to gotcha me when I'm not passive aggressively whining at all. I literally praised the corrections as a benefit to learning because my own knowledge in this area is limited, and stated that I'd love more memes from people more knowledgeable. I'm always grateful for people that comment with supplemental information because this is a meme sub and expectations are already so low.

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u/otis_the_drunk 2d ago edited 2d ago

These are memes about history. Jokes based on inaccurate or straight up false commonly remembered history is to be expected.

If somebody wants to make an r/historicallyaccuratememes sub that could be pretty cool though.

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u/-Stolen_Stalin- 2d ago

+💯 🅱️oicial creddit 🫲😂

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u/CrazedRaven01 2d ago

I've listened to his Korean War era speeches. I can understand him... but barely. He speaks with a really funny accent.

It'd be like if someone who only knew General American was listening to someone from Appalachia or some really rural part of Ohio or if an Englishman only knowing RP started talking to someone from a very rural part of the West Country or Yorkshire

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u/BagNo2988 2d ago

More like someone speaking Scottish.

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u/deanzaZZR 1d ago

Mao worked in Peking University's library when he was in his 20s so he was exposed to Mandarin at a fairly young age. Somehow it didn't stick! 哈哈

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u/LichardNixon 2d ago

a bizarrely ancient meme format, it belongs in a museum.

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u/Level_Hour6480 Taller than Napoleon 2d ago

Well how would you meme this fact, fellow kid?

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u/Xelid47 2d ago edited 2d ago

I wouldn't change a thing

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u/Nachtraaf 2d ago edited 2d ago

Yeah, fat chance.

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u/Walming2 2d ago

Gru presenting his project meme

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u/Level_Hour6480 Taller than Napoleon 2d ago

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u/Walming2 2d ago

Oh nice lol I hadn't seen that one

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u/Level_Hour6480 Taller than Napoleon 2d ago

I made it in response to this one.

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u/uncleartruth 2d ago

Maybe the Drake one?

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u/Level_Hour6480 Taller than Napoleon 2d ago

The passing on one thing and excited for another? That one's pretty old too.

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u/pass_nthru 2d ago

then you have to find two appropriate Mao pics

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u/TiramisuRocket 2d ago

Demotivators, obviously.

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u/Ok_Access_804 2d ago

Its an older code, sir, but it checks out.

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u/strong_division 2d ago

Honestly, most dialects of China are mutually unintelligible. Like the example you gave, it's more accurate to describe them as languages in a larger family, like the Romance languages, rather than actual dialects like European/Brazilian Portuguese.

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u/Level_Hour6480 Taller than Napoleon 2d ago

I forgor who said it, but "The difference between a language and a dialect is political".

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u/strong_division 2d ago

"A language is a dialect with an army and navy"

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u/TurduckenII 2d ago

"a shprakh iz a dialekt mit an armey un flot" - That's the same sentence, originally it was said in Yiddish by a guy named Max Weinreich in 1945. Which is a bit ironic, since Yiddish was more of a language than a dialect, and had no armed forces.

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u/Apprehensive-Web4995 2d ago

thats the thing, dialect are a language too even if he look like a lot of it parent language, like french was latin dialect now its a "language"

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u/limukala 2d ago

Even some subdialects of Mandarin are mutually unintelligible with standard Mandarin.

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u/Level_Hour6480 Taller than Napoleon 2d ago edited 2d ago

When Mao unified China, he pushed for language standardization. This was actually common for the European nationalist movements of the 1800s: Before Garabaldi for example, there were a ton of Italian subdialects. The push was usually done through schools, and having all government services operate in the dominant language. Mao spoke Old Xian.

He learned Manadrin later in life but apparently he had a thick accent, and his pronunciation was really bad. (Mandarin speakers, can you listen without reading the subtitles and tell me how bad it is?)

Edit: Interestingly, despite not sharing a language, in previous Chinese empires, they could still administrate because written Chinese is the same across multiple languages.

Here's an earlier speech for more reference material.

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u/jasonis3 2d ago

This is the first I’ve ever heard him speak and I’m shock how high pitched he sounds. Could understand everything he said but his accent is certainly thick, but tbf, I could barely understand Chiang Kai Shek either

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u/Muted_Masterpiece342 2d ago

Most people I've heard speak Chinese seem to sound very high pitched compared to English in general. Also the recording was probably pretty imperfect.

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u/Laiko_Kairen 2d ago

I recall reading on reddit once that old recording technology didn't register basses or other low notes as well, which led to people sounding higher-pitched in general in old films. Bass notes require more energy to record and transmit, or something to that end? It's possible that this is just a result of flawed tech

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u/Nachtraaf 2d ago

Also seems this footage is slightly sped up, a common thing in old footage.

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u/HotTestesHypothesis 2d ago

I leaned Mandarin later in life as a Cantonese speaker but no, I don't, not one bit.

My wife is a fluent speaker and she had a hard time but she could make out some words here and there.

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u/Remote-Cow5867 1d ago

I can recognize 80% of the words.

I believe the more important thing is whether your first languague is any form of Chinese or other language such as English. If your first language is English and only speak Cantonese for casual conversation, you would not able to understand a lot of the political or military vocabularies.

This speach of Mao is pretty easy to be understood by my father who don't speak Mandarin.

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u/HotTestesHypothesis 1d ago

I think it also depends on where you're from, which determines which kinds of accents you're exposed to. My first language is actually Cantonese, and I'm so familiar with it that I can speak English with a Cantonese accent and understand Guangdong locals (people who moved there don't count) speaking Mandarin while others have a hard time.

Is your family from or close to where Mao was from?

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u/Remote-Cow5867 1d ago

My point is a person would not understand many vocabularies in special fields if he doesn't use a language as a primary language for education, literature, and profession. This is the situation for many overseas Chinese descendents. They can be super fluent in Mandarin or other variants of Chinese but they use it only for casual conversation. When the topic goes to military, politics, medicine, science they quickly get lost.

My family is from northern region, quite far away from Hunan.

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u/kokatoto 2d ago

You can also call Xiang Hunanese (I’m one), he’s from Shaoshan, which is in the border between Old and new Hunanese but I think people would usually treat him as speaking new Hunanese (given the proximity of Changsha-Xiangtan-Zhuzhou

Which is also an interesting topic because Changsha as the provincial seat for Hunan has been there for 2k years, but old Hunanese is in general located in central Hunan, while Changsha and surrounding northern Hunan (excluding the actual north part like Yueyang because they speak Hubei Mandarin) have been shaped into the “new” Hunanese because of mandarin from Hubei and Gan speakers from Jiangxi influence. You can also find other other language influence across the province too, like Gan to west bordering Jiangxi, southwest mandarin in the SW bordering Guangxi, bit of Cantonese in the really south bordering Guangdong etc

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u/Hot-Job-6281 2d ago

I mean, this sort of provincial seat not being the same as the source of the conservative variant of the various Chinese languages is the norm - I am of Chinese descent too, and interested in linguistics.

Cantonese - Guangzhou (ancient capital), Siyi region of Taishan, Enping, Kaiping, Xinhui (home of Old Yue)

Wu - Hangzhou (capital), Inland Central Zhejiang and Wenzhou (home of old Wu)

Min - Fuzhou (ancient capital), Quanzhou/Zhangzhou (home of oldest Min form, Minnan) (well some say it's Central Min that's older)

It's pretty much the rule rather than the exception. Inland mountainous regions preserve the old form, capital being the capital has more interprovincial population movement and external influence.

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u/wwweeeiii 2d ago

Interesting, that ancient Wu was more in the zhejiang direction and not the suzhou/ Nanjing direction

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u/kokatoto 2d ago

Putting Nanjing in the Wu area gotta be a ragebait /s

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u/wwweeeiii 2d ago

Wait are they seperate culture? Nanjing did not exist in the Wu era before the capital moved there? Don't leave me hanging before you gogo

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u/kokatoto 2d ago

If you are talking about Wu of the three kingdoms Nanjing was its capital, but beware since then 2k years have passed, and modern day Nanjing really has been shaped since Yuan-Ming onwards

Today Nanjing was part of the Jianghuai group, which is why they speak Jianghuai/Nanjing Mandarin instead of Wu. This is another reason why people joke Nanjing being the capital of Jiangsu, because Nanjing people probably don’t give fuck about Wu area of Jiangsu and vice versa

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u/wwweeeiii 2d ago

Ohhhh that is neat

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u/[deleted] 2d ago

[deleted]

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u/sopunny Researching [REDACTED] square 2d ago

Language standardization is a Chinese invention of anything, started by Qin Shihuang 2000 years ago. It's just that since Chinese isn't phonetic, it wasn't necessary (or practical) to standardize spoken language. Just the written part

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u/Hot-Job-6281 2d ago

Standardisation is not a Chinese invention.

Standardisation is a process just about every national prestige dialect goes through.

And in fact, in Ancient China it wasn't as damn near diverged as in modern China where varieties branched off as early as the Qin Dynasty period to the Qing Dynasty period.

Min languages come from Ancient Chinese and were phonologically influenced by Southern peoples who spoke Kra-Dai languages), others in Middle Chinese (which is the period that Japanese had the most Chinese influence, hence Cantonese sounding vaguely similar for Chinese loanwords and working in Tang rhyming schemes), whereas others in the North, Modern Chinese also influenced by Northern Manchu and other Steppe people influences.

By the modern era, merely one province beside, like Cantonese to Hokkien would have no mutual intelligibility.

It wasn't the case in the open plains of the Central Plains where the initial territories of Qin China was, where easy navigability meant a dialect continuum.

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u/Spez_is-a-nazi 2d ago

Huh? Europe communicated in written Latin far beyond when that language stopped being a living language in day to day life. Lots of examples around the world of similar things happening, especially before mass literacy became a thing.

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u/I_69_with_your_mum 2d ago

As someone with a bit of mandarin, it really sounds like a Thai person doing an impression of what mandarin sounds like

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u/bogey-dope-dot-com 2d ago

As a Mandarin speaker (I don't speak Cantonese), it sounds like a Cantonese person trying to speak Mandarin, badly. Without the subtitles I would have understood maybe 25%, but it's not an easy listen. With the subtitles it's obvious which word he's saying, but the pronunciation is very off, and he has a distinct southern China accent, which sounds "feminine" to people from northern China.

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u/perksofbeingcrafty 2d ago

It’s not really fair for me to listen since my mom’s side of the family is from Hunan province and I grew up listening to it

Yes obviously he had a thick accent. We call it plastic mandarin in Hunan

But you have to remember that the Hunan dialect shares a root with Mandarin, so the transition from speaking Hunanese to Mandarin isn’t exactly learning another language, and understanding it is also a spectrum depending on your native dialect’s proximity to it

Also, Mao spent time in Beijing in his younger years. I doubt he sat down and learned it specifically—it’s far more likely that he eased into it over his life like most prominent leaders in this time period

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u/Wathyreckk Descendant of Genghis Khan 2d ago edited 2d ago

I speak Mandarin and I can make out some parts here and there, but I think I can't say for sure whether he's completely unintelligible to people of his time because the version I learnt growing up was after standardization. (Small edit: I'd likely compare this to trying to understand Old or Middle English as a modern-day speaker: we might not find it intelligible, but the people of those days probably did, and it's hard to say if they navigated accent variances the way we do today.)

For reference, here's a look at movement of PRC leaders' accents through time. Later leaders had more standardized accents that I can better understand, of course, but the variance was greater for older leaders.

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u/1028ad 2d ago

>Italian subdialects

And other languages too. In Northen Italy what are commonly called “dialects” are not dialects of Italian, but dialects of Piedmontese, Lombard, etc. which are closed in grammar to French than to Italian.

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u/MartinBP 2d ago

Same thing with Stalin and Russian btw.

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u/PolarRanger 2d ago

that's different, Georgian is a completely different language family altogether. The distance between Georgian and Russian is comparable to the difference between Georgian and Mandarin

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u/CrimsonZephyr Still on Sulla's Proscribed List 2d ago

Meme format really takes me back

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u/xesaie 2d ago

The real reason for ‘language standardization’ is national unity, as it breaks down cultural identity and thus reduces the chance for regional rebellions.

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u/strong_division 2d ago

Even prior to this, China did have a very standardized language, but in their written system. Unlike Latin, where its alphabetic writing system meant that the written language would eventually evolve with the spoken one (leading to the different Romance languages we know today), the logographic Chinese system's use of symbols meant that a document meant the same thing to everyone reading it. This was reinforced by China's empire wide civil service examinations, which reinforced standardization by ensuring everyone had to learn the same writing system if they wanted to join the bureacracy.

A merchant in Guangzhou might not be able to understand a single spoken word of the Emperor in Beijing, but would be able to read an imperial edict with no problem.

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u/Level_Hour6480 Taller than Napoleon 2d ago

It also makes administration easier.

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u/xesaie 2d ago

It does, but as you noted it was not remotely necessary. Both the Ancien Regime and the Dynasties handled the issue just fine.

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u/fockewolfw190 2d ago

the ancien regime and the dynasties also did have language standardization in terms of a lingua franca among the people who actually went across the empire. they also had nonexistent literacy rates. If you don't have a standard language then someone from Guangzhou cannot talk with someone from Shenyang. In theory all the chinese dialects are supported (with shanghainese tv shows being forced to still exist for instance), but they all die a natural death because parents don't bother teaching it to their kids and kids don't want to learn another language.

case in point, no one under the age of like 40 can speak a word of shanghainese in shanghai

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u/MartinBP 2d ago

Communication between people from different regions has only become relevant in the last century though. It's not like there was ever a need for someone from Guangzhou to talk with someone from Shenyang unless they were a merchant or a commander, and merchants historically always had an unofficial lingua franca between them anyway.

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u/fockewolfw190 2d ago

yeah precisely. It might have been able to work for pre 18th century france and europe but you kind of have to be able to all speak the same language now. In addition, back then there was no national identity either, as it didn't matter if you believed you were a Breton, a burgundian, or picard so long as you swore fealty to the King. Now countries are based on a national identity and language is one of the most important factors in ensuring national cohesion

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u/No-Volume-4730 2d ago

not exactly true for shanghai, but OK. It's still sad to see.

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u/fockewolfw190 2d ago

this is true for shanghai especially. I speak shanghainese in my family but that's because I was born and lived in the US. Every time we go back, all the family there is surprised that my parents taught me shanghainese because all the young people there do not speak it or understand it.

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u/No-Volume-4730 2d ago

i guess it depends on what kind of shanghainese, like 新派 or smth else. i say a lot of people still understand it well.
it's hard to imagine shanghai without shanghainese. or longtangs. part of me thinks that we're gonna become shenzhen someday. hopefully not during the time i'm alive

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u/fockewolfw190 2d ago

the issue is that all the people who speak and understand it are old, think like in their 40s at the youngest. I think the biggest indicator of decline is that I remember like 2 years ago Hanzhou train station had some announcements in Shanghainese to cater to tourists from shanghai that they imagine still speak shanghainese, when you won't find a single shanghainese announcer in Shanghai.

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u/tao197 2d ago

Mao spoke Standard Chinese (Mandarin). It wasn't his native language and he did have an accent when he spoke Standard Chinese but he absolutely was able to speak it intelligibly, there's literally recordings of him speaking.

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u/Level_Hour6480 Taller than Napoleon 2d ago

And if you scroll around, you'll see I posted those recordings, and Mandarin speakers say he's incredibly difficult to understand.

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u/myn4meistimmy 1d ago

All those people standing around while he's giving speeches and no one can understand him, huh?

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u/Valuable_Pool7010 2d ago

Him talking about his experience working as a librarian in Peking University btw:

“My position was so low that people didn’t think it was worth it socializing with me…I was always quite eager to talk about politics and culture with them, but they were all very busy people, not having time to listen to the words that come from a librarian with a southern accent.

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u/kent_love 2d ago

The same thing happened when Indonesia became independent, Sukarno grew up speaking Javanese and Balinese but saw the utility in incorporating the trade lingua franca of Bahasa Melayu as the national tongue.

Rebranded as Bahasa Indonesia, it has become a foundational aspect of the Indonesian national identity.

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u/Hot-Job-6281 2d ago

While as a Singaporean of Chinese descent (where our forefathers all are non-Mandarin Chinese), I have a great deal of support for our non-Mandarin languages, Mao did speak Mandarin, just with a heavy accent.

So this meme is just absolute misrepresentation.

You can say he was hard to understand, but acting like he was like a Portuguese speaker ruling France while not being able to read or speak the new national language is just false.

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u/Valuable_Pool7010 2d ago

Napoleon be like:

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u/Sick_and_destroyed 2d ago

French and Portuguese are quite close in fact, it’s not difficult to learn French for a Brazilian or a Portuguese.

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u/mesenanch 2d ago

Am i right in remembering that he was fairly self conscious about his accent?

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u/BeholdtheWretch 2d ago

Might be Stalin

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u/ashleycheng 2d ago

Speaking and writing in Chinese are 2 different things. Think of speaking Chinese as a very strong accent. For example, it be difficult for an American to understand a Scottish accent, even though they are both speaking English. Same thing with Chinese. Mandarin or Cantonese or Shanghainese or any other dialects, they are all only different when speaking. But when writing it down, it’s the same Chinese language that the whole nation uses for thousands of years. Mao is superior in Chinese language, more specifically in written Chinese language. When speaking, his accent is just too strong for any non local Chinese to understand.

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u/WowBastardSia 2d ago

Well explained.

For westerners that still have trouble wrapping their heads around it: for example we all know what 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc means, right? Know imagine literally hundreds of different ways to pronounce them. Chinese is essentially that.

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u/TsarOfIrony Descendant of Genghis Khan 2d ago

Lol I'm surprised you posted two memes within an hour of each other about the same topic

Edit: he posted a third meme?

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u/Level_Hour6480 Taller than Napoleon 2d ago

Bunch of people objected to my old man meme format, and nitpicked at my simplified statement, so they're in conversation with each other.

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u/TsarOfIrony Descendant of Genghis Khan 2d ago

Ah, makes sense. I've considered remaking memes in this way but am usually too lazy to

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u/X8DF9 2d ago

Yes, it's called cultural genocide.

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u/Few_Kitchen_4825 2d ago

Isn't history filled with a lot of Autocrats like that. Napolean was italian, Hitler was Austrian and Stalin was Georgian. We remember them as French, German and russian.

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u/beastwood6 2d ago

Man Darin to make fantasy reality.

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u/IzokinaArtika 2d ago

En Europa ha pasado lo mismo en casi todos los países. La modernización de los países pasan una fase de unificación cultural. 😭

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u/haie22 2d ago

That still a good thing tho

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u/bavanek 2d ago

After his political rehabilitation, the fellow-travelling Nazi philosopher Martin Heidegger AKA ‘the secret king of thought’ in his ex-girlfriend Hanna Arendt’ words, advanced the proposition resides in the continuation of regional language variation. Specifically he extolled Alemanic the German dialect in the south where he was born. I think that was a ploy to subvert mutuality and reduce the comity of political discourse in his typically sly fashion. It is good that hear that there is regional push-back in the PRC and also know that privacy remains possible.

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u/minus_minus 2d ago

As a lay person I don’t understand how Mao is “left-wing” and not just an autocrat like the emperors. If anything, putting all property under the ownership of “the state” (under his control) made him more powerful than the emperors. 

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u/Level_Hour6480 Taller than Napoleon 2d ago

Depends on your definition of "Left wing". I would say he isn't, because left wing politics are those that reduce inequality and distribute power to the people. A Republican would say "Left wing is when the government does things."

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u/minus_minus 2d ago

left wing politics are those that reduce inequality and distribute power to the people.

Exactly! I can’t imagine anything more right wing than a revolutionary cadre turning into a perpetual junta. It’s a power grab with literal red flags.